Pcgrate manual

At least MB of free RAM per core thread 1 GB or more per core thread are recommended for complex problem modelling and paralleling. Minimum 1 GB of free hard disk space 10 GB or more are recommended for storing complex problem results.

Web and e-mail access for technical support and program updates. Since the field values on adjacent plane interfaces are connected by the known Fresnel coefficients, the whole multi-boundary problem can be effectively reduced to the solution of integral equations on the corrugated boundary profiles only.

The Separating solver is primarily intended for efficiency calculations of any uncoated gratings and mirrors including rough ones and specific types of coated gratings see Figure It is indispensable for 2-D photonic crystals and X-ray-VUV gratings and mirrors covered with one or many plane or rather thick conformal layers and, especially, for grazing incidence.

An example of the appropriate grating model may consist of several boundaries of different profiles, which penetrate each other see Figure Since the Penetrating solver is more general than Separating solver, it is intended for efficiency calculations of any types of multilayer gratings and mirrors including rough ones. It is indispensable for coated echelles, thin-multilayer x-ray-VUV and thin-oxidized gratings.

In such a situation, the value of the real Re part of refractive index is equal to zero and the value of the imaginary Im part of the refractive index is equal to infinite see Figure The PerfectType of low border conductivity mode is primarily used for x-ray-VUV wavelengths for close to normal incidence Classical or grazing Conical mounts or for a long wavelength spectrum from middle IRtoradio waves.

When setting the Finite tab for Type of low border conductivity , a finite absorbing or lossless conductivity type will be chosen for the grating bottom layer.

Therewith the values of the real and imaginary parts of the refractive index or the electric permittivity and magnetic permeability for the bottom layer are finite see Figure Finite Type of low border conductivity can be used in the entire working range from x-raysto radio waves. The major accuracy parameter refers to the Number of collocation points 5 , 7 N j for the scan range number j.

It is the size of a square matrix which represents the system of linear equations the maximal number of collocation points along all the borders.

For such difficult problems, an increase in the number of collocation points for borders may become necessary. It represents a number of positive or negative terms in the Green functions and their normal derivatives expansions 5 , 7 or a number of plus and minus propagating and evanescent diffraction orders taken into account. In difficult cases, like those of highly conducting blazed or very deep gratings, echelles, and, especially, for the TM polarization, one can try to optimize the convergence and accuracy by varying this parameter at a given number of collocation points on each boundary.

The codes are especially convenient and accurate for modeling with the real border profile function. An example of this type is the case of groove profiles determined by: an atomic-force microscope AFM , a transmission electron microscope TEM , a micro-interferometer, a stylus profilometer, and also by indirect methods like actual growth modeling, etc. The efficiency data obtained by the PCGrates were compared with experimental data 2 , 3 , 6 , 8 — 24 , with numerous calculated data 4 , 5 , 7 , 25 and with the results of other experiments 27 , 28 , 31 — Some details of the grating efficiency calculations and well-known examples of sources of refractive indices data are presented in the Efficiency TestLab.

The PCGrate-S X programs incorporated all the advantages of the previous program versions and still provided many entirely new features and very fast computation, the latter being of the utmost importance for up-to-date grating efficiency modeling in the super-wide range of parameters. For most problems both the speed and the accuracy of calculation increase many times up to several orders!

The later permits one to use any alternative codes and tools in which the grating efficiency or the field calculations are a part of the more general task.

Penetrating and Separating. The solvers have different behavior and mutually complementary capabilities for many difficult cases such as coated gratings with thin layers, randomly rough periodical or non-periodical structures, grazing incidence, and photonic crystals.

You can choose amount of randomized points to be used for the conversion, the rms roughness relative to the period , the correlation length, the maximal deviation-to-rms ratio, and the X-axis shift for randomizing relative to the period , i.

Cubic spline is added to the list of supported border profiles, which is a mostly convinient type for computations using non-function border profiles. Skip to content. David A. Content et al. Our codes are indispensable for efficiency calculations in the following problems: The x-ray — EUV range and small wavelength-to-period ratios. Echelles and grisms at diffraction order numbers ranging from low to very high. Taking rigorously into account periodical and random roughnesses of any kinds.

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These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. Minimum 1 GB of free storage space 10 GB or more are recommended for storing complex problem results. Skip to content. Separating solver The PCGrate 6. Penetrating solver The earlier implemented and now improved the PCGrate 6. Web and e-mail access for technical support and program updates. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits.

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